Bigos lecture from 2024-1119
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W3Schools Python Read Files
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============================
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https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_file_open.asp
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Reading and Writing Files in Python (Guide)
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===========================================
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https://realpython.com/read-write-files-python/
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Reading CSV files in Python
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===========================
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https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/reading-csv-files
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Reading and Writing CSV Files in Python
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========================================
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https://realpython.com/python-csv/
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CSV docs at Python.org
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=======================
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https://docs.python.org/3/library/csv.html
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Doc from O'Reilly AI Assist
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=============================
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Python 3 Reads CSV File
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There are two primary ways to read a CSV file in Python 3: using the built-in csv module and using the popular pandas library.
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Method 1: Using the csv Module
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Import the csv module: import csv
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Open the CSV file in read mode: with open('example.csv', 'r') as csvfile:
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Create a csv.reader object: readCSV = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=',')
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Iterate over the rows: for row in readCSV:
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Access individual columns using indexing (e.g., row[0] for the first column)
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Example code:
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import csv
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with open('example.csv', 'r') as csvfile:
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readCSV = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=',')
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for row in readCSV:
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print(row) # prints each row as a list
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print(row[0]) # prints the first column
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print(row[0], row[1], row[2]) # prints specific columns
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Method 2: Using pandas
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Import the pandas library: import pandas as pd
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Read the CSV file into a DataFrame object: df = pd.read_csv('example.csv')
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Access individual columns using the column name (e.g., df['column_name']) or indexing (e.g., df.iloc[:, 0] for the first column)
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Example code:
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import pandas as pd
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df = pd.read_csv('example.csv')
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print(df) # prints the entire DataFrame
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print(df['column_name']) # prints a specific column
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print(df.iloc[:, 0]) # prints the first column
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Key differences
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The csv module is more lightweight and flexible, but requires more manual effort to parse the CSV file.
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pandas provides a more convenient and powerful way to work with structured data, but has a larger overhead and requires more memory.
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Choose the method that best fits your specific use case and requirements.
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Python File Read Tutorial
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In this tutorial, we will cover the basics of reading files in Python. We will explore the open() function, file modes, and how to read file contents.
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1. Opening a File
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To read a file in Python, you need to use the open() function, which takes two arguments: a filename and a file mode. The file mode determines how you intend to interact with the file.
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Example:
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myfile = open("example.txt", "r")
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In this example, we open a file named “example.txt” in read mode ("r").
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2. File Modes
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Python provides several file modes:
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"r": Read mode (default). Opens the file for reading only.
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"w": Write mode. Opens the file for writing only, overwriting any existing content.
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"r+": Read/Write mode. Opens the file for both reading and writing.
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"a": Append mode. Opens the file for appending only, without overwriting existing content.
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"a+": Append and Read mode. Opens the file for both appending and reading.
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3. Reading File Contents
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Once you have opened a file, you can read its contents using a loop or by reading a specific number of characters.
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Example (reading each line):
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myfile = open("example.txt", "r")
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for line in myfile:
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print(line.strip())
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myfile.close()
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In this example, we read each line of the file and print it to the console using a for loop. The strip() method removes any trailing newlines or whitespace.
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Example (reading a specific number of characters):
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myfile = open("example.txt", "r")
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content = myfile.read(10) # read 10 characters
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print(content)
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myfile.close()
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In this example, we read the first 10 characters of the file using the read() method.
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4. Closing a File
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It’s essential to close the file after you’re done reading its contents to free up system resources.
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Example:
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myfile.close()
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Alternatively, you can use a with statement to ensure the file is closed automatically:
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with open("example.txt", "r") as myfile:
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for line in myfile:
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print(line.strip())
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In this example, the with statement ensures the file is closed when the block of code is exited.
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Additional Tips
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Make sure the file exists and is in the correct location.
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Be mindful of file encoding and formatting when reading text files.
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Use the os module to work with file paths and directories.
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Consider using libraries like csv or json for more advanced file parsing and manipulation.
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By following this tutorial, you should have a solid understanding of how to read files in Python. Happy coding!
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line = "7/5/2016,123,638.5"
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# split line on commas
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lineFields = line.split(',')
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print(lineFields)
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# Individual columns from the spreadsheet
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print(lineFields[0], type(lineFields[0]) )
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print(lineFields[1], type(lineFields[1]) )
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print(lineFields[2], type(lineFields[2]) )
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# Convert ISO date --> 20161115 or 2016-1115 or 2016-11-15
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dateFields = lineFields[0].split('/')
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print(dateFields)
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#print(len(dateFields[0]))
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#print(len(dateFields[1]))
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if(len(dateFields[0]) == 1):
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dateFields[0] = "0"+ dateFields[0]
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if(len(dateFields[1]) == 1):
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dateFields[1] = "0"+ dateFields[1]
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print(dateFields)
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isoDate = dateFields[2] + dateFields[0] + dateFields[1]
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print("ISO Date = ", isoDate)
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# Read a csv file from the current directory
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# import the csv function library
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import csv
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filename = "dogs.csv"
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with open(filename,'r') as csvfile:
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csvData = csv.reader(csvfile,delimiter = ',',quotechar = '"')
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for row in csvData:
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print(row)
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DogName,BirthYear,Breed,Color
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Harry,2007,Chinook,Buff
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Shenanigans,2008,Chinook,Tawney
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Mandy,2016,Chinook,Tawney
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Tanner,2002,Golden Retriever,Tan
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Rusty,2004,Golden Retriever,Tan
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Gimli,2022,Chinook,Tawney
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Yukon Jack,2020,Chinook,Tawney
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DogName,BirthYear,Breed,Color
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Harry,2007,Chinook,Buff
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Shenanigans,2008,Chinook,Tawney
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Mandy,2016,Chinook,Tawney
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Tanner,2002,Golden Retriever,Tan
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Rusty,2004,Golden Retriever,Tan
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Gimli,2022,Chinook,Tawney
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Yukon Jack,2020,Chinook,Tawney
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This is from file dogs-with-hidden-char.csv
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Sometimes hidden characters are exported from the spreadsheet program. Run csvline2.py
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with the filename set to dogs-with-hidden-char.csv
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(base) edbigos@Edwards-MacBook-Pro-4 csvlines % od -bc dogs-with-hidden-char.csv
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0000000 357 273 277 104 157 147 116 141 155 145 054 102 151 162 164 150
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357 273 277 D o g N a m e , B i r t h
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0000020 131 145 141 162 054 102 162 145 145 144 054 103 157 154 157 162
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Y e a r , B r e e d , C o l o r
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0000040 015 012 110 141 162 162 171 054 062 060 060 067 054 103 150 151
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\r \n H a r r y , 2 0 0 7 , C h i
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0000060 156 157 157 153 054 102 165 146 146 015 012 123 150 145 156 141
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n o o k , B u f f \r \n S h e n a
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0000100 156 151 147 141 156 163 054 062 060 060 070 054 103 150 151 156
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n i g a n s , 2 0 0 8 , C h i n
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0000120 157 157 153 054 124 141 167 156 145 171 015 012 115 141 156 144
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o o k , T a w n e y \r \n M a n d
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0000140 171 054 062 060 061 066 054 103 150 151 156 157 157 153 054 124
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y , 2 0 1 6 , C h i n o o k , T
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0000160 141 167 156 145 171 015 012 124 141 156 156 145 162 054 062 060
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a w n e y \r \n T a n n e r , 2 0
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0000200 060 062 054 107 157 154 144 145 156 040 122 145 164 162 151 145
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0 2 , G o l d e n R e t r i e
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0000220 166 145 162 054 124 141 156 015 012 122 165 163 164 171 054 062
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v e r , T a n \r \n R u s t y , 2
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0000240 060 060 064 054 107 157 154 144 145 156 040 122 145 164 162 151
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0 0 4 , G o l d e n R e t r i
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0000260 145 166 145 162 054 124 141 156 015 012 107 151 155 154 151 054
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e v e r , T a n \r \n G i m l i ,
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0000300 062 060 062 062 054 103 150 151 156 157 157 153 054 124 141 167
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2 0 2 2 , C h i n o o k , T a w
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0000320 156 145 171 015 012 131 165 153 157 156 040 112 141 143 153 054
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n e y \r \n Y u k o n J a c k ,
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0000340 062 060 062 060 054 103 150 151 156 157 157 153 054 124 141 167
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2 0 2 0 , C h i n o o k , T a w
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0000360 156 145 171
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n e y
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import calendar
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hc = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.MONDAY)
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str = hc.formatmonth(2024,11)
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print(str)
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import calendar
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daysOfWeek = ["Monday","Tuesday", "Wednesday","Thursday","Friday", "Saturday", "Sunday"]
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c = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.MONDAY)
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counter = 0
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for i in c.itermonthdays(2024,11):
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if(i > 0):
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print(i, daysOfWeek[counter % 7])
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counter += 1
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# counter = 0
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# while(counter < 22):
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# print(counter % 7, daysOfWeek[counter % 7] )
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# counter += 1
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import calendar
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c = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.MONDAY)
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str = c.formatmonth(2024,11)
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print(str)
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dayList = list(str)
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print(dayList)
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calList = str.split("\n")
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print(calList)
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for line in calList:
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print(line,len(line))
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for line in calList:
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print("{:25s}\t{:25s}".format(line,line))
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import calendar
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months = []
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startMonth = 9
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monthCounter = startMonth
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while(monthCounter < startMonth + 3):
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c = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.MONDAY)
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str = c.formatmonth(2024,monthCounter)
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print(str)
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calList = str.split("\n")
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months.append(calList)
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monthCounter += 1
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print(months)
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print("\n\n")
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for month in months:
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print(month,len(month))
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print("\n\n")
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counter = 0
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while(counter < 8):
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print("{:25s} {:25s} {:25s}".format(months[0][counter],months[1][counter],months[2][counter]))
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counter += 1
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import time
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myTime = time.localtime()
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print (time.localtime())
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print(myTime[0], type(myTime[0]))
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print("length = ",len(myTime))
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for myItem in myTime:
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print(myItem)
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print("The date is {}/{}/{}".format(myTime[1],myTime[2],myTime[0]) )
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import time
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# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7370801/how-do-i-measure-elapsed-time-in-python
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start = time.time()
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print("hello")
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time.sleep(4)
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end = time.time()
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print(end - start)
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File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
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The columns in the census data correspond to:
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Column Data
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1 A "Name"
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2 Frequency in percent
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3 Cumulative Frequency in percent
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4 Rank
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File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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## ============================ One time initializations ========================
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fileName = "testdata.txt"
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## ============================ Open and process file(s) ========================
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try:
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inFile = open(fileName,'r')
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count = 1
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runFlag = True
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while(runFlag): # Process while true
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# print(count,line.rstrip("\n"))
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line = inFile.readline()
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if line == "":
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runFlag == False
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else:
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line = line.rstrip("\n")
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print(count,line)
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count = count + 1
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except:
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print("Some error occurred. Ending here")
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exit(-1)
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inFile.close()
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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## ============================ One time initializations ========================
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fileName = "testdata.txt"
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## ============================ Open and process file(s) ========================
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try:
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inFile = open(fileName,'r')
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count = 1
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runFlag = True
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while(runFlag): # Process while true
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# print(count,line.rstrip("\n"))
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line = inFile.readline()
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if not (line == ""):
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line = line.rstrip("\n")
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print(count,line)
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count = count + 1
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else:
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runFlag == False
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except:
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print("Some error occurred. Ending here")
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exit(-1)
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inFile.close()
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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## ============================ One time initializations ========================
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fileName = "testdata.txt"
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## ============================ Open and process file(s) ========================
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try:
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inFile = open(fileName,'r')
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count = 1
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runFlag = True
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while(1): # Process while true
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line = inFile.readline()
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if line == "": # Exit on empty line == end of file
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break
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line = line.rstrip("\n")
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print(count,line)
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count = count + 1
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except:
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print("Some error occurred. Ending here")
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exit(-1)
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inFile.close()
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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import re
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## ============================ One time initializations ========================
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fileName = "female-first.txt"
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outFileName = "female-first.csv"
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## ============================ Open and process file(s) ========================
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try:
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inFile = open(fileName,'r')
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outFile = open(outFileName,'w')
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count = 1
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runFlag = True
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while(1): # Process while true
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line = inFile.readline()
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if line == "": # Exit on empty line == end of file
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break
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line = line.rstrip("\n")
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line = line.lstrip().rstrip()
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print(count,line)
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csvLine = re.sub(' +',',',line)
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print("\t",csvLine)
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outFile.write(csvLine + "\n")
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count = count + 1
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except:
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print("Some error occurred. Ending here")
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exit(-1)
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inFile.close()
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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# See https://stackabuse.com/read-a-file-line-by-line-in-python/
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# for more information
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# Just try reading it line by line on the first attempt.
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fileName = "testdata.txt"
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try:
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inFile = open(fileName,'r')
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count = 1
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line = inFile.readline()
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line = line.rstrip("\n")
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while(line): # Read line and place in variable named line
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# print(count,line.rstrip("\n"))
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print(count,line)
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line = inFile.readline()
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line = line.rstrip("\n")
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count = count + 1
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except:
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print("Some error occurred. Ending here")
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exit(-1)
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inFile.close()
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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## ============================ One time initializations ========================
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fileName = "male-first.txt"
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nameToSearch = input("Enter a first name: ")
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nameToSearch = nameToSearch.upper()
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## ============================ Open and process file(s) ========================
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try:
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inFile = open(fileName,'r')
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count = 1
|
||||
runFlag = True
|
||||
while(1): # Process while true
|
||||
|
||||
line = inFile.readline()
|
||||
if line == "": # Exit on empty line == end of file
|
||||
break
|
||||
|
||||
line = line.rstrip("\n")
|
||||
# print(count,line)
|
||||
fieldList = line.split(" ")
|
||||
# print(fieldList)
|
||||
print(fieldList[0],len(fieldList[0]))
|
||||
|
||||
if nameToSearch == fieldList[0] :
|
||||
print("Matched {} = {} at position {}".format(nameToSearch,fieldList[0],count))
|
||||
break
|
||||
|
||||
count = count + 1
|
||||
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print("Some error occurred. Ending here")
|
||||
exit(-1)
|
||||
|
||||
inFile.close()
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
|
|||
#!/usr/bin/python3
|
||||
|
||||
## ============================ One time initializations ========================
|
||||
fileName = "female-first.txt"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## ============================ Open and process file(s) ========================
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
inFile = open(fileName,'r')
|
||||
|
||||
count = 1
|
||||
runFlag = True
|
||||
while(1): # Process while true
|
||||
|
||||
line = inFile.readline()
|
||||
if line == "": # Exit on empty line == end of file
|
||||
break
|
||||
|
||||
line = line.rstrip("\n")
|
||||
print(count,line)
|
||||
line = line.replace(" "," ")
|
||||
print("\t",count,line)
|
||||
fieldList = line.split(" ")
|
||||
print(fieldList)
|
||||
for field in fieldList:
|
||||
print(field)
|
||||
count = count + 1
|
||||
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print("Some error occurred. Ending here")
|
||||
exit(-1)
|
||||
|
||||
inFile.close()
|
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
|
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
|
|||
DogName,BirthYear,Breed,Color
|
||||
Harry,2007,Chinook,Buff
|
||||
Shenanigans,2008,Chinook,Tawney
|
||||
Mandy,2016,Chinook,Tawney
|
||||
Tanner,2002,Golden Retriever,Tan
|
||||
Rusty,2004,Golden Retriever,Tan
|
||||
Gimli,2022,Chinook,Tawney
|
||||
Yukon Jack,2020,Chinook,Tawney
|
|
Binary file not shown.
|
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
|||
#!/usr/bin/python3
|
||||
import sys
|
||||
|
||||
# See https://stackabuse.com/read-a-file-line-by-line-in-python/
|
||||
# for more information
|
||||
# Just try reading it line by line on the first attempt.
|
||||
filename = "testxdata.txt"
|
||||
try:
|
||||
inFile = open(filename,'r')
|
||||
|
||||
count = 1
|
||||
line = inFile.readline()
|
||||
line = line.rstrip("\n")
|
||||
while(line): # Read line and place in variable named line
|
||||
# print(count,line.rstrip("\n"))
|
||||
print(count,line)
|
||||
line = inFile.readline()
|
||||
line = line.rstrip("\n")
|
||||
count = count + 1
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print(f"The file {filename} cannot be accessed.")
|
||||
sys.exit(-1)
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
|||
#!/usr/bin/python3
|
||||
|
||||
# See https://stackabuse.com/read-a-file-line-by-line-in-python/
|
||||
# for more information
|
||||
# Just try reading it line by line on the first attempt.
|
||||
try:
|
||||
inFile = open("dogs.csv",'r')
|
||||
|
||||
count = 1
|
||||
line = inFile.readline()
|
||||
line = line.rstrip("\n")
|
||||
# process header
|
||||
columnNames = line.split(",")
|
||||
print(columnNames)
|
||||
while(line): # Read line and place in variable named line
|
||||
# print(count,line.rstrip("\n"))
|
||||
print(count,line)
|
||||
columns = line.split(",")
|
||||
# print(columns)
|
||||
counter = 0
|
||||
while(counter < 4):
|
||||
print("\t{:12s} {:>20s}".format(columnNames[counter],columns[counter]) )
|
||||
counter = counter + 1
|
||||
line = inFile.readline()
|
||||
line = line.rstrip("\n")
|
||||
count = count + 1
|
||||
|
||||
finally:
|
||||
inFile.close()
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|||
#!/usr/bin/python3
|
||||
|
||||
# See https://stackabuse.com/read-a-file-line-by-line-in-python/
|
||||
# for more information
|
||||
# Just try reading it line by line on the first attempt.
|
||||
|
||||
sampleData = ["Harry", "Colorado", "Shenanigans", "Mandy", "Rusty"]
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
outFile = open("testdatawrite.txt",'w')
|
||||
|
||||
for dog in sampleData:
|
||||
print(dog)
|
||||
outFile.writelines(dog+"\n")
|
||||
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print("File write error!")
|
||||
exit(-1)
|
||||
|
||||
# When I get to the end of the file.
|
||||
#finally:
|
||||
outFile.close()
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
|
|||
Harry,2007
|
||||
Shenanigans,2010
|
||||
Katrina,2005
|
||||
Mandy,2016
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||
Harry
|
||||
Colorado
|
||||
Shenanigans
|
||||
Mandy
|
||||
Rusty
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
|||
import os
|
||||
|
||||
myPath = "./"
|
||||
|
||||
files = os.listdir(myPath)
|
||||
|
||||
files.sort()
|
||||
|
||||
print(files)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
|
|||
import os
|
||||
|
||||
myPath = "./"
|
||||
|
||||
files = os.listdir(myPath)
|
||||
|
||||
files.sort()
|
||||
|
||||
print(files)
|
||||
|
||||
textFiles = []
|
||||
|
||||
for myFile in files:
|
||||
print(myFile)
|
||||
fileParts = myFile.split(".")
|
||||
print(fileParts)
|
||||
if(len(fileParts) > 2):
|
||||
print(len(fileParts))
|
||||
filePartsLength = len(fileParts)
|
||||
if fileParts[filePartsLength-1] == "txt":
|
||||
print("Text file!")
|
||||
textFiles.append(myFile)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
print("The text files are: ",textFiles)
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
|||
import glob
|
||||
import os
|
||||
|
||||
x = glob.glob("*.txt")
|
||||
|
||||
print(x)
|
||||
|
||||
x = glob.glob("*.py")
|
||||
|
||||
print(x)
|
||||
|
||||
for f in x:
|
||||
print(f)
|
||||
print(os.path.isfile("./"+f))
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||
import glob
|
||||
|
||||
files = glob.glob("./")
|
||||
|
||||
print(files)
|
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
|||
These are the outputs of an (old) PC inventory program.
|
||||
They create a csv file of the PC's configuration which saved under the filename derived from the
|
||||
network address.
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
|
|||
# Read a csv file from the current directory
|
||||
# import the csv function library
|
||||
import csv
|
||||
|
||||
lineCounter = 0
|
||||
filename = "00-16-76-b2-b2-71.csv"
|
||||
|
||||
with open(filename,'r') as csvfile:
|
||||
csvData = csv.reader(csvfile,delimiter = ',',quotechar = '"')
|
||||
for row in csvData:
|
||||
lineCounter += 1 # Sharthand for LineCounter = LineCounter + 1
|
||||
print(f"{lineCounter:5d} {row}")
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
|
|||
|
||||
data1 = float(input("Enter the dividend "))
|
||||
|
||||
data2 = float(input("Enter the divisor "))
|
||||
|
||||
quotient = data1/data2
|
||||
|
||||
print(f"{data1}/{data2} = {quotient}")
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
|
|||
import sys
|
||||
|
||||
data1 = float(input("Enter the dividend "))
|
||||
|
||||
data2 = float(input("Enter the divisor "))
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
quotient = data1/data2
|
||||
print(f"{data1}/{data2} = {quotient}")
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print(f"Invalid value. Division by zero is not allowed.")
|
||||
sys.exit(-1)
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
|||
import sys
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
data1 = float(input("Enter the dividend "))
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print(f"Invalid value for the dividend ")
|
||||
sys.exit(-2)
|
||||
try:
|
||||
data2 = float(input("Enter the divisor "))
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print(f"Invalid value for the divisor ")
|
||||
sys.exit(-3)
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
quotient = data1/data2
|
||||
print(f"{data1}/{data2} = {quotient}")
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print(f"Invalid value. Division by zero is not allowed.")
|
||||
sys.exit(-1)
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
|||
import sys
|
||||
|
||||
def getFloatValue(message):
|
||||
try:
|
||||
data1 = float(input(message))
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print(f"Invalid value for a floating point number. ")
|
||||
sys.exit(-2)
|
||||
return data1
|
||||
|
||||
data1 = getFloatValue("Enter value for the dividend ")
|
||||
data2 = getFloatValue("Enter value for the divisor ")
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
quotient = data1/data2
|
||||
print(f"{data1}/{data2} = {quotient}")
|
||||
except:
|
||||
print(f"Invalid value. Division by zero is not allowed.")
|
||||
sys.exit(-1)
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue